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硬斑病样基底细胞癌的皮肤镜和RCM观察与临床价值研究

Clinical value of dermoscopy and RCM in observation of morphea like basal cell carcinoma

  • 摘要: 目的 探讨临床中硬斑病样基底细胞癌在皮肤镜和反射式共聚焦显微镜(RCM)的观察及诊断应用价值。方法 选取2018年1月至2025年5月来院就诊的16例硬斑病样基底细胞癌患者,首先由临床经验丰富的皮肤科医生进行临床诊断,再由皮肤影像医生进行皮肤镜和RCM检查,并与组织病理检查对比诊断结果及回顾性分析。结果 13例患者中皮肤镜下显示有蓝黑色小球、分支状和蛇形毛细血管扩张,10例患者中可见高亮度的乳白色无结构区,3例患者中出现了粟粒样囊肿和胡椒粉样结构。本组16例患者中RCM和组织病理中真皮可见多个条索状和巢状基底细胞团块组成的瘤体,瘤体周围基质致密和硬化,部分肿瘤团块可见收缩间隙。结论 应用皮肤镜和RCM无创性检查技术可对硬斑病样基底细胞癌患者皮损进行归纳和分析,为临床诊断提供重要线索。

     

    Abstract: Objective To analyse and explore the observation and diagnostic application value of morphea-like basal cell carcinoma using dermatoscopy and reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) in clinical practice. Methods Sixteen patients with morphea-like basal cell carcinoma who presented to our hospital from January 2018 to May 2025 were selected. First, a clinical diagnosis is made by an experienced dermatologist; subsequently, dermoscopy and RCM were performed by a dermato-imaging physician. Finally, the diagnostic results were compared with histopathological examinations, and retrospective analyses were conducted. Results Dermoscopy showed blue-black small spheres, branching, and serpentine capillary dilatation in 13 patients;areas of high brightness,milky structureless were observed in 10 patients; and millet-like cysts along with pepper powder-like structures were noted in 3 patients. In this group of 16 patients, RCM and histopathology showed epidermal atrophy,while the dermis showed multiple tumours consisting of cord-like and nested basal cell masses, accompanied by dense, sclerotic peritumoral stroma. Contraction spaces were also observed in some tumor masses. Conclusions In this paper,dermoscopy and RCM, as non-invasive examination techniques, were applied to summarise and analyze the skin lesions of patients with morphea-like basal cell carcinoma, providing reliable clues for clinical diagnosis.

     

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